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Showing items 1 through 9 of 54.
  1. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    January, 1999
    Ghana

    Data collected from a 1997 household survey carried out in Accra, Ghana, are used to look at the crucial role that women play as income earners and in securing access to food in urban areas. The high number of female-headed households and the large percent of working women in the sample provide a good backdrop for looking at how women earn and spend income differently than men in an urban area. Livelihood strategies for both men and women are predominantly labor based and dependent on social networks.

  2. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    January, 1998
    Zimbabwe, Africa

    The comparative effects on GDP and household incomes associated with various pathways of agricultural growth in Zimbabwe are investigated, based on SAM (social accounting matrix) multiplier analysis. Among the five growth paths considered, the smallholder road to agricultural development yields the largest increase in national income. It benefits smallholder households the most, but the income gains to the two other low-income household groups are lower compared to those arising from the four other agricultural growth paths.

  3. Library Resource
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    December, 1998
    Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa, Ghana

    Land tenure institutions in customary land areas of Sub-Saharan Africa have been evolving towards individualized ownership. Communal land tenure institutions aim to achieve and preserve the equitable distribution of land (and hence, income) among community members. Uncultivated forestland is owned by the community or village, and as long as forest land is available, forest clearance of forest is easily approved by the village chief.

  4. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    January, 1999
    Mozambique, Africa

    Undernutrition of children 0-60 months old in Mozambique is much higher in rural than in urban areas. Food security is about the same, although substantial regional differences exist. Given these outcomes, we hypothesized that the determinants of food security and nutritional status in rural and urban areas of Mozambique would differ as well. Yet we find that the determinants of food insecurity and malnutrition, and the magnitudes of their effects, are very nearly the same.

  5. Library Resource
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    January, 1999
    Asia, India

    This research report on India addresses an important policy issue faced by policy-makers in many developing countries: how to allocate public funds more efficiently in order to achieve both growth and poverty-reduction goals in rural areas. This research is particularly important at a time when many developing countries are undergoing substantial budget cuts as part of macroeconomic reforms and adjustment. The econometric model employed in this research includes a broad range of government expenditure items.

  6. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    January, 1998
    Philippines, Asia

    This paper evaluates the effect (in terms of private returns) of investment in education on wages in the rural Philippines. Statistical endogeneity of education in the wage function may result from (1) unobserved determinants of education that also influence wages and/or (2) measurement error. Panel data are used that provide relevant instruments, particularly distance to schools and measures of household resources, at the time of schooling, to endogenize investments in education while estimating wage functions.

  7. Library Resource
    January, 1999

    Reliable information on household food security is a prerequisite for the accurate and effective design, monitoring, and evaluation of development projects. In part due to the commitment, on the part of many development agencies, to work in marginalized areas, this information is often either not available or grossly out-of-date. But collecting data is not a costless exercise.

  8. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    January, 1999
    Morocco

    Morocco is currently about to start reducing industrial protection in the context of its association agreement with the European Union. However, agriculture, which represents the major income source for the disfavored rural population, is the sector that is most strongly protected. In this study, a general equilibrium model of Morocco is used as a laboratory for analyzing the short-run equilibrium effects of alternative scenarios for reduced protection for agriculture and industry.

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