Women's empowerment as a tool agains hunger
Fonte: FAO
Fonte: FAO
Les politiques de développement agricole en Asie du Sud-Est s’accompagnent très souvent de mutations foncières qui ont deux visages complémentaires : concentration foncière et exclusion.
En modifiant les perspectives de valorisation du foncier, les investissements dans l’irrigation tendent à renforcer ces tendances.
La question du foncier irrigué fait cependant l’objet de relativement peu d’attention ; mieux la prendre en compte est pourtant crucial dans une perspective d’un développement économique et social des territoires qui soit durable.
Land conversion is often not carried out in a sustainable way. The loss of arable land and biodiversity, concern about food security and rising costs of infrastructure due to urban sprawl are just some of the problems under discussion. This paper compares Germany, China and Cambodia.
Most of the land reforms of recent decades have followed an approach of “formalization and capitalization” of individual land titles (de Soto 2000). However, within the privatization agenda, benefits of unimproved land (such as land rents and value capture) are reaped privately by well-organized actors, whereas the costs of valorization (e.g., infrastructure) or opportunity costs of land use changes are shifted onto poorly organized groups. Consequences of capitalization and formalization include rent seeking and land grabbing.
Land rights are ascendant across the development sector. Movements addressing women’s empowerment, poverty, social justice, food security and climate change are all increasingly turning to land rights to strengthen their cause. In 2022, renowned philanthropist MacKenzie Scott joined these efforts by making an unprecedented $20 million investment in our work. Ms. Scott’s generous gift represents a profound endorsement of the power of land rights to improve the lives of women, men, and communities around the world.
La manière dont les entreprises agro-industrielles et industrielles investissent les espaces agricoles des pays en développement attire l’attention sur une nouvelle forme d’espace géographique : l’interstice. Relevant d’un cadre mondialisé pour ce qui est de leurs activités et de leur structure financière, ces entreprises créent néanmoins des espaces locaux verrouillés « exorbitant du territoire ordinaire » et, donc, totalement contraires à l’idée d’ouverture et d’aplatissement. Les populations qui reçoivent ces entreprises doivent vivre dans les interstices de la firme.
Globally, about 2 billion people claim ownership of their homes and lands through a customary tenure system. Customary tenure has long been insecure and is under growing pressure in many places. But it is also increasingly recognized through a variety of mechanisms, formal and informal. RECOFTC released a new report on the recognition of customary tenure of communities living in forested landscapes in Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar and Viet Nam. It also includes a case study from Thailand.
This report is based on 10 research projects carried out in 18 sites in seven countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Viet Nam. The studies formed the basis of ten informational briefs from the research sites published together with the report (available here: https://www.recoftc.org/publications/0000432). Each study documented the legal frameworks and customary practices that affect indigenous women’s rights to access and manage forest resources and create restrictions on those rights.
Agricultural investment at the crossroads in Cambodia: Towards inclusion of smallholder farmers?
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