This paper was prepared within the “Cooperatives and their alternatives” component of the Agrarian Structures Initiative (ASI) which a regional program of FAO in Europe and Central Asia. This paper outlines some of the main issues influencing the development (or not) of farmer and rural organisations and presents in further detail the specific situation in Armenia, Georgia and Moldova. All three countries returned ownership of the majority of land to the rural population.
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Showing items 1 through 9 of 7854.-
Library ResourceReports & ResearchDecember, 2013Armenia, Georgia, Moldova
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Library ResourcePolicy Papers & BriefsDecember, 2021Africa, Asia, Europe
This fact sheet describes the course that provides guidance on driving reforms that strengthen policy, legal, regulatory and institutional frameworks for responsible agricultural investment (RAI). Specifically, the course provides support to design the reform strategy, establish multi-stakeholder consultation processes for decision-making and enhance the role of regulatory processes in creating an enabling environment for responsible agricultural investment.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchJune, 2021Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, Australia
This guide is intended to supplement other resources that provide broader overviews of human rights due diligence. It will be particularly helpful for downstream businesses or investors as they navigate how to identify, address, and track the impacts of their value chains on indigenous peoples. The guide will also be useful for policymakers as they design due diligence legislation.
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Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksSeptember, 2020Denmark, Norway
Public spaces are believed to make cities more liveable, healthy and socially equal. To date, discussions about public spaces have primarily revolved around emblematic types, such as squares and parks, while little attention has been paid to cemeteries. Drawing on a review of public space scholarship and cemetery research, an analysis of strategies for cemetery development in two Scandinavian capitals, Oslo and Copenhagen, and interviews with stakeholders, this paper elaborates on the cemetery as a special type of public space.
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Library ResourceJournal Articles & BooksMay, 2020Spain
This article explores the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for public transport. Three elements are explored. Firstly, the short-term effects, including perceptions of public transport as a vector of virus transmission and shifts towards less-sustainable modes of transport. Secondly, we discuss key challenges such as the new difficulties of providing safe and reliable public transport services, the consequent barriers for the promotion of sustainable and healthy urban mobilities and the potential exacerbation of inequalities.
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Library ResourcePeer-reviewed publicationConference Papers & ReportsMay, 2020Africa, Europe
In many countries around the world, the land administration system deals only with formal land rights, often subject to legislation passed during the colonial period. Formal or statutory tenure is where a landholder’s rights are specified in the law. This enables the owner(s) or rightholder(s) to rely on the law to defend his or her rights. But the poor often hold their land through customary or informal tenure systems which are often not recognized in law or in practice and therefore they lack the tenure security provided by the law.
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Library Resource
An analysis based on household data from nine countries
Reports & ResearchMarch, 2015Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Vietnam, Bangladesh, AlbaniaAbout two-thirds of the developing world’s 3 billion rural people live in about 475 million small farm households, working on land plots smaller than 2 hectares. 1 Many are poor and food insecure and have limited access to markets and services. Their choices are constrained, but they farm their land and produce food for a substantial proportion of the world’s population. Besides farming they have multiple economic activities, often in the informal economy, to contribute towards their small incomes.
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Library Resource
Conducted between 28 September and 5 October 2019. Published: 20 January 2020.
Reports & ResearchJanuary, 2020Sri Lanka, United KingdomABSTRACTED FROM PURPOSE OF THIS MISSION: The purpose of the mission was to gather accurate and up-to-date information from a range of sources about a number of issues concerning the treatment of Tamils including the government’s attitude to diaspora activities and the treatment of members of diaspora groups, in particular members of the Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam (TGTE). The mission was also interested in gathering information about the treatment of members and former members of the Liberation Tamil Tigers of Eelam (LTTE).
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Library ResourceConference Papers & ReportsMarch, 2019Eastern Europe, Western Europe
Most countries in Western Europe have a long tradition for implementing land consolidation projects. In Central and Eastern Europe, land reforms from 1990 on in most countries resulted in farm structures characterized by excessive land fragmentation and small average farm sizes. Most CEE countries have introduced land consolidation instruments to address the structural problems. FAO has from 2000 on supported land consolidation in the region.
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Library ResourcePeer-reviewed publicationAugust, 2013Eastern Europe, Western Europe
It has often been stated that land fragmentation and farm structures characterized by small agricultural holdings and farms divided in a large number of parcels have been the side-effect of land reform in Central and Eastern Europe. This article reports the findings of a study of land reform in 25 countries in the region from 1989 and onwards and provides an overview of applied land reform approaches. With a basis in theory on land fragmentation, the linkage between land reform approaches and land fragmentation is explored.
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